1,ngokutsho kwefemu yophando iKearney, i-elektroniki yase-US (kubandakanywa namacandelo) i-inventory backlog ifikelele kwi-250 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.
Iindaba malunga nekhonkco lokubonelela nge-elektroniki azifani nakuqala.Ngaphambili, bekukho ingxoxo jikelele "yokunqongophala kwezibonelelo" kunye "nokuphazamiseka kokubonelela", kodwa ngoku kukho ingxoxo engakumbi "ye-inventri egqithisileyo" kunye "nendlela yokusebenzisa uluhlu lwempahla".Abavelisi bezobuchwephesha kunye nababoneleli becandelo bebesandula ukuphuma “kokunqongophala okungundoqo” emva koko baphinde babandezeleke emva kokuthenga okothusayo.Ngokutsho kukaKearney, inkampani yophando, i-US elektroniki inventory backlog, kuquka namacandelo, ifikelele kwi-250 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.
Ngapha koko, ukuguquguquka kwaqala ngexesha lobhubhani we-COVID-19, xa iinxalenye zahanjiswa ngaphaya kolawulo.Kwangaxeshanye, izinto zangaphandle ezingalindelekanga zibe nefuthe kakhulu kwizigqibo zokuthenga zabathengi.Umzekelo, imfuno yonxibelelwano ngefowuni iqhuba utyalo-mali ekusebenzeni ekhaya, kwaye abathengi bazama ukwenza ukuvalwa kwamkeleke ngakumbi ngokuthenga izinto zombane ezinje ngeTVS, izixhobo ezincinci zasekhitshini, iimveliso zempilo, ii-smartphones kunye neetafile.Olu tshintsho, ludityaniswe nefuthe le-bullwhip, lunempembelelo yexesha elide kwii-inventri ze-electronics kwiminyaka ezayo.
Umzi-mveliso we-elektroniki awuqhelekanga kumjikelo we-boom-bust, kodwa ubhubhani we-coronavirus sisiganeko esingazange senzeke ngaphambili, kwaye kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokuqikelela kunye neendlela zolawulo lwe-inventri, ishishini alikulungelanga ukuphazamiseka kobonelelo kunye nokunqongophala okukhulu okungundoqo.Ngokombono we-PS Subramaniam, iqabane kwi-Kearney's Strategic Operations and Performance Practice, imfuno eqhubekayo yeebhetri zemoto yombane kunye neetshiphusi ze-AI zingakhokelela kumjikelezo ofanayo "we-boom-bust".
2. Ishishini lombane kufuneka liloyise njani ukungazinzi kweshishini?
· Beka phambili uqikelelo
Ukuziphatha kokuyalela kwikhonkco lokubonelela kukuhlangabezana nemfuno yexesha elizayo, kwaye ukuchaneka kwayo ngokuqhelekileyo kuxhomekeke ekuchanekeni kwebikezelo.Namhlanje, "ukwabelana ngedatha" kwikhonkco lokubonelela nge-electronics kuye kwaqhubela phambili, kwaye izixhobo ezifana nobukrelekrele bokufakelwa (AI) kunye nokufunda ngomatshini (ML) zizixhobo ezigqwesileyo zokumbiwa kwedatha.Uqikelelo olungelulo lwemfuno lunokukhokelela ekubekweni kakuhle kocwangco kunye namaxabiso angekho ngqiqweni.Ngapha koko, iimpawu zokuqala ze-inventri eyongezelelweyo, ezinje ngokugqithiswa kwe-odolo yabathengi, inokunceda ikhonkco lokubonelela ukuba licwangcise (xa kukho i-overorder kwindawo ethile yekhonkco lokubonelela, isilumkiso sangethuba sinokuthathwa kwaye amanyathelo afanelekileyo anokuthathwa ukuphepha ukuba kunokwenzeka. Ukunqongophala kwexesha elizayo okanye ukuxhonywa kwe-inventri kunye nezinye iingxaki.Esi silumkiso sangethuba sivumela ikhonkco lonikezelo ukuba licwangcise ngcono imveliso yexesha elizayo kunye nokuhanjiswa ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zabathengi kwaye kuthintelwe ilahleko engeyomfuneko).
Ngokuqikelelwa okungaguquguqukiyo, ikhonkco lokubonelela nge-elektroniki lingachitha imali kwizinto "zokunciphisa" izinto, ezifana neemveliso ezikumgangatho ophezulu, abasebenzi abaqeqeshiweyo, kunye nokuphuculwa kokuchaneka kokucwangcisa ngokuhlalutya iindlela zedatha, kunokuba nje ukwakha, ukulawula, kunye nokuhlelwa kwempahla.
· Yamkela i-automation
Uninzi lwamakhonkco obonelelo ngoku lufumana utshintsho lwedijithali.Unokucinga ukuba ishishini le-elektroniki lihamba phambili kwinguqu yedijithali, kodwa iingcali zisaqhuba ukuhlanganiswa okungenamthungo kwezixhobo zokuncedisa abasebenzi kunye nezixhobo zokuqokelela idatha.Ezi teknoloji zenza ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba bonikezelo baqonde ngakumbi malunga nokuba yintoni na okanye iza kuphelelwa lixesha.
Amakhonkco okubonelela nge-elektroniki kufuneka ahlele nge-inventri ene-overstocked, kwaye "ukupheliswa okucwangcisiweyo" kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso kunokuthatha amacandelo kunye neemveliso ezigqityiweyo ngaphandle kwemarike, nokuba zintsha kraca.Ngomatshini ozenzekelayo kunye nezitaki zetekhnoloji ezikrelekrele, abaphathi banokufumana ulwazi olukhawulezayo malunga nokuba ngawaphi amacandelo kunye neemveliso eziphuma ebomini, ukunceda abadlali kulo lonke ikhonkco lokubonelela bagcine ukubonakala okungaguqukiyo.Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kweerobhothi ukuskena kunye nokuhlelwa kwe-inventri kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla kuya kuqokelela ngakumbi iindleko zokubamba uluhlu.
· Gxininisa kwizinto eziphambili kubathengi
Amakhonkco obonelelo kufuneka acinge "ngendlela abanokuthi bachaze ngayo ngokuchanekileyo imfuno kunye noqikelelo olongezelelweyo kunye nokuqonda kwabathengi."Nokuba abasebenzi abathengi okanye abaphathi, abadlali kwikhonkco lokubonelela kufuneka bahlalutye iindlela ezininzi kwaye bafumanise unxibelelwano phakathi kweentsingiselo ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokomzekelo, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso kuyayitshintsha indlela abantu banamhlanje abathenga ngayo.Abantu abazimisele kangako ukuthenga izinto ezibiza imali eninzi, kwaye iimveliso ze-elektroniki zithande ukuba nexabiso eliphezulu.Sinokululindela njani olu tshintsho kwangethuba?Kwezi, uqikelelo lwempilo yezoqoqosho kuzwelonke lunokuba yireferensi elungileyo, kwaye ezinye iingqwalasela zisekwe kwiintsingiselo zexabiso.
Umkhosi wamanzi oMdala, umzekelo, waqaphela ukuba wawugqithise kakhulu xa wawuqala ukwenza ubungakanani obubandakanyayo kunye nezinto eziphambili kubathengi ngaphandle kweshishini engqondweni - ukuhlukahluka, ukulingana, kunye nokubandakanywa - kodwa ngaphandle kwedatha yokuthengisa ehambelana nobukhulu obutsha ukuyibuyisela.Ngelixa intshukumo yayinenjongo entle, yagqiba ukwenza iimpahla ezingathengiswanga kwaye idale inkunkuma eninzi.
Ishishini le-electronics linokufunda kwimizekelo engentla ukuqwalasela ukuba ngaba abathengi bazimisele ukuhlawula ngaphezulu kweemveliso ezizinzileyo kumxholo wokugxila kwihlabathi jikelele ekuzinzeni.Ngaba kukho nayiphi na idatha ekhoyo yokwazisa izigqibo zobunkokeli eziphezulu?
· Ukoyise ukuxhoma koluhlu
Ukongeza, uKearney uphinde wadwelisa uluhlu lwezenzo zexesha elifutshane kunye nexesha elide ezinokuthathwa ziinkampani ukunqanda ukukhula koluhlu kunye nokulungelelanisa amanqanaba oluhlu:
Iintshukumo zakutsha nje:
Ukuseka uluhlu "lwegumbi lokulwa";
Ukuphuculwa kokubonakala koluhlu (ngaphakathi nangaphandle);
Ukunciphisa izinto ezingenayo (ukukhansela / ukurhoxisa ii-odolo);
Ukucoca uluhlu lwempahla olugqithisileyo kunye noluphelelwe lixesha (ukubuyisela kubaboneleli, ukuthengisa kubantu abaphakathi);
Thethana nabathengi ukuba badlulisele uluhlu lwempahla engaphezulu/ukufumana imali eyikheshi.
Isenzo sexesha elide:
Ukomeleza iimodeli zokusebenza, kubandakanywa inkuthazo yenkunzi yokusebenza;
Ukuseta kwakhona iiparamitha zokucwangcisa;
Ukuphucula isakhono sokuqikelela;
Qhuba ukukhula kweentengiso;
Ukuguqulwa kothungelwano lonikezelo, ukwenziwa nokuhanjiswa.
Isishwankathelo, i-inventory ye-stock chain engaphezulu inokunciphisa ixabiso leenxalenye kunye nezixhobo, ezingahambelani neshishini eliqhubekayo lababoneleli becandelo kunye nabavelisi beemveliso, kunye nokwabelana ngedatha okuphuculweyo kunye nokulungelelaniswa kweempawu zemfuno kunokuzuza kuyo yonke i-ecosystem ye-elektroniki.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-26-2023