Iimpawu zeMveliso

Iinkokeli zikude phambili kumacandelo ahlukeneyo emarike ye-analog chip

Phakathi kwe-analog ICs, ulawulo lwamandla yeyona marike inkulu malunga ne-US $ 21.6 yeebhiliyoni okanye i-42%;imakethi yesixokelelwano somqondiso yi-US$14.3 yebhiliyoni (28%) kwaye iRF kunye nezinye iimveliso zentengiso imalunga ne-US$15.8 yeebhiliyoni, okanye i-30%.Kwicandelo le-amplifier, i-Texas Instruments ibamba phantse isithathu kwimarike (29%), kunye ne-ADENO yesibini (18%).Kwicandelo lokuguqulwa kwedatha, i-ADENO yinkokeli epheleleyo, okwangoku ibambe isiqingatha semakethe yokuguqula idatha (48%) kwaye inomkhokeli wexesha elide phezu kwabakhuphisana nabo.Kulawulo lwamandla, inkokeli, iTexas Instruments, ibambe ngaphezulu kwekota yemarike (21%), kunye neQualcomm (15%), iADENO (13%), iMaxim (12%), kunye noInfineon (10%) isabelo esifanayo.

Namhlanje, imarike esezantsi yeekhonkco zemiqondiso inesabelo esincinci somthengi we-elektroniki.ngo-2015, umlambo osezantsi weetshiphusi ze-op-amp bezikunxibelelwano (36%) nakwimizi-mveliso (33%), kunye ne-electronics yabathengi i-8% kuphela.Imakethi esezantsi yoguqulo lwedatha ngokunjalo ibalele ngaphezulu kwe-50% yeentengiso kushishino, ngelixa abathengi be-elektroniki babalelwa kwi-12% kuphela.

Ushishino lwezobuchwephesha, ngokombono wethu, luhlala lukhula lweteknoloji oluqhutywa yimfuno.Eyona mfuno iphambili yamatyathanga omqondiso yintsebenziswano, ngemihla yokuqala yophuhliso lwe-analog chips kwi-60s kunye ne-70s, amatyathanga omqondiso asetyenziswa ikakhulu ezantsi kushishino, izixhobo zoshishino eziqhagamshelwe kwiikhompyuter kunye neenkqubo ze-avionics zeenqwelomoya, ukudlala umsebenzi. kwezixhobo zemizi-mveliso, izixhobo zokubhabha kunye nokusebenzisana nehlabathi langaphandle.Ngokomzekelo, iinqwelo-moya zinenani elikhulu lezivamvo zokunceda xa ibhabha, ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ziimveliso zekhonkco lemiqondiso ngaphambi kokuba zithunyelwe kwinkqubo yedijithali.Ngexesha elifanayo, iimveliso ezidibeneyo zinokuthi zinciphise ubungakanani kunye neendleko.Ngenxa yoko, imfuno yamatyathanga omqondiso kwishishini kwi-1960 kunye ne-1970 yaqhubela ukukhula kwee-analog zakuqala ezifana ne-ADI kunye ne-Texas Instruments.Ngeminyaka yoo-1980 ukuya kowama-2000, imfuno yonxibelelwano kwizixhobo zombane zabathengi yahamba ukusuka emandleni ukuya emandleni, ngokukwanjalo iqhuba ukukhula kwekhonkco lomqondiso ezantsi kumsinga wombane wabathengi.

Imakethi ye-elektroniki yabathengi iphawulwa ngotshintsho olukhawulezayo lwemveliso kunye nokubekwa phambili kweendleko, ke ngoko xa kuthelekiswa nokuchaneka okuphezulu okufunwa yintengiso yeshishini kunye nesantya esiphezulu esifunwayo yimarike yonxibelelwano, imfuno kwimarike yomthengi we-elektroniki yeyamaxabiso aphantsi kunye nemijikelo yoyilo emifutshane. , kunye neemveliso zekhonkco ezihlanganisiweyo zikulungele ukuhlangabezana nemfuno kunezo ezicacileyo.

Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, imfuno ye-electronics yabathengi ekunxibelelaneni inendima elinganiselweyo ekuqhubekeni ukuqhubela phambili ukuntsokotha kwekhonkco lomqondiso.Oko kukuthi, i-1) ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga ukusebenza, i-microcontrollers edibeneyo yokuguqula idatha iye yakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza zabathengi abaninzi be-electronics.I-2) ukusuka kwinqanaba leendleko, ngenxa yokwanda kokusebenza kweefowuni eziphathwayo, ukuhlanganiswa okwandisiweyo kunokunciphisa ngcono ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.3) ukusuka kumjikelo woyilo, abaguquli bedatha abadityanisiweyo, nangona ukusebenza okuphezulu, kodwa ubunzima benkqubo yoyilo lweemfuno ezinkulu, abavelisi bezinto zombane kufuneka baqwalasele uluhlu lwesantya, isisombululo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kunye neminye imiba, ukuba bonke basebenzisa isiginali ecacileyo. chain chip, kuya kuba nzima ukuziqhelanisa nemfuno yemarike etshintsha ngokukhawuleza.

Ngenxa yoko, kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, iimveliso zekhonkco ezingakumbi zombane zabathengi ziye zadityaniswa kwii-microcontrollers/SoCs, okukhokelela ekukhuleni okuthe tyaba kwezibalo kule marike isezantsi yombane wabathengi.

Utshintsho kumxube wemveliso: ulawulo lwamandla oluxhamlayo ekukhuleni kubathengi be-elektroniki kunye neshishini

Ukusukela ngo-1990, isabelo seemveliso zekhonkco lomqondiso siye sancipha ngokuthe ngcembe.ngo 1981, iamplifiers yokusebenza kubalelwa 19% kwimarike analog chip, ngoxa 2018 eli nani lancitshiswa 6% kwaye imarike yakhula ukusuka nje $200 million ukuya $3.5 billion.Iziguquli zeDigital-to-analog ngokufanayo, ukusuka kwi-1981 ukuya ku-2018, isabelo se-digital-to-analog converters kwiichips ze-analog sehle ukusuka kwi-19% ukuya kwi-6%, kwaye ubungakanani bemarike bukhule ukusuka kwi-US $ 300 yezigidi ukuya kwi-US $ 3.9 yezigidigidi.

Iichips zolawulo lwamandla, kwelinye icala, zikhule ngokukhawuleza ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1990, zikhula zaba licandelo eliphambili leshishini le-analog chip.ngo 1981, imarike chips ulawulo amandla nje $100 million, kwaye namhlanje, ikhule ibe kushishino $25 billion.Isabelo seetshiphusi zolawulo lwamandla kwimarike ye-analog chip sinyuke ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwi-8% ngo-1981 kunye ne-9% ngo-1995 ukuya kuma-43% namhlanje (2018).

Sikholelwa ukuba oku kuqhutywa yimfuno entsha eqhubekayo yolawulo lwamandla kwicandelo labathengi.Uphuhliso lwamandla aphantsi, ubuninzi obuphantsi, kunye nezixhobo eziphathwayo kukhokelele kuphuhliso loguqulo lwamandla obuchule kunye neemfuno.

Imfuno yokonga amandla aphantsi kumbane wabathengi iqhuba ukukhula koshishino lwetshiphu yolawulo lwamandla.Ngokongezwa kweempawu ezintsha kubathengi be-elektroniki, iaudio, ividiyo, njl.Akunjalo kuphela ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kweemveliso ze-elektroniki kunyuka ngosuku ngalunye oludlulayo, kodwa inani lee-voltages ezidinga ukuxhaswa nazo ziya ziba zikhulu, ngokufanelekileyo zifuna iitshiphu zolawulo lwamandla ezinokunyusa ukusebenza kokuguqulwa kwamandla, kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokulinda ngelixa uphucula ukudityaniswa. ukuxhasa amandla ombane amaninzi.Ukongeza, njengoko uphuhliso lwamandla oxinaniso lweebhetri ze-lithium luye lwancipha, ngoko ke indlela yodwa yokufuna impumelelo ivela kwi-chip yokulawula amandla.Ke ngoko, uphuhliso lombane wabathengi luyaqhubeka nokuqhuba abavelisi be-analog chip ukwazisa iitshiphusi zolawulo lwamandla kunye nemisebenzi enzima ngakumbi, ukusebenza kakuhle okuphezulu, kunye nomthamo ophantsi, ukukhuthaza ukukhula koshishino lwetshiphu yolawulo lwamandla lulonke.

Imfuno yokonga umbane kwizixhobo ezikhulu ezisebenzisa amandla kwicandelo loshishino ikwaqhubele ukukhula koshishino lwetshiphu yolawulo lwamandla.Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kwicandelo loshishino ikakhulu kuvela kwiimotor kunye nokukhanya.IiMotor ikakhulu ziimpompo, iifeni, iicompressors, oomatshini bokuhambisa, njl.Ke ngoko, imfuno yokonga umbane kwicandelo loshishino ikhuthaze iitshiphusi zolawulo lwamandla ukuba ziqhubeke nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle koguqulo.Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kweenjini eziguquguqukayo ezinokonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-40% yokusetyenziswa kwamandla, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okutshintsha okusebenzayo kunokonga ukuya kuthi ga kwi-35%, zonke zixhaswa ziitshiphusi zolawulo lwamandla aphezulu.

Kwixesha elizayo, amabango amatsha aya kuqhubeka ukuqhubela phambili uphuhliso lolawulo lwamandla, ukusuka kulawulo olulula lwengqiqo yokukhanya kwe-LED ukuya kwiimfuno zomntu zomthontsi wanamhlanje kunye nokutshintsha kombala, ukubeka phambili iimfuno ezintsonkothileyo nezikrelekrele zolawulo lweetshiphu zamandla.Ukongeza, ezinye izixhobo zokuziqhelanisa nendlela yokuphatheka, unikezelo lwamandla ombane ukusuka kwi-adaptha yamandla ukuya kumandla ebhetri, ukuzisa imfuno ye-chip eninzi yebhetri.

Ukutshintsha iimodeli zoshishino: ukunyuka kwee-chips ezisekelwe kwisicelo kunciphisa ukubaluleka kweempahla ezakhiweyo

Ulwakhiwo lomgangatho kunye ne-application-based analog chips luchaswa ngokubhekiselele kumthamo wokuthunyelwa kunye nobukhulu bemarike.Ngokumalunga nomthamo wokuthunyelwa, isabelo seetshiphusi ze-analog eziqhelekileyo (64%) ziphezulu kakhulu kunezo ze-analog chips zesicelo esikhethekileyo (36%), kodwa ngokobungakanani bemarike, sisicelo esikhethekileyo se-analog chips (62%) esi phezulu kuneetshiphusi ze-analog eziqhelekileyo (38%).Yabelana.

Sikholelwa ukuba iitshiphusi ze-analog ezisekwe kwisicelo zijongana nemfuno elungiselelweyo enexabiso eliphezulu elongezelelweyo.Inkqubo kunye noyilo loyilo ziindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokuphucula ukusebenza kwizixhobo ze-analog.Iitshiphusi ze-analog eziqhelekileyo zenziwe ngokubanzi, kunye noyilo lwahluka kancinci ukusuka kumenzi ukuya kumenzi, okukhokelela kwixabiso eliphantsi elongezelelweyo.Ukhuphiswano phakathi kwabavelisi luxhomekeke ngakumbi kwinkqubo nakwitekhnoloji kwaye lufuna amalaphu amaninzi azakhele wona.

Iichips ze-analog ezisemgangathweni zijongene nemfuno yexabiso eliphantsi kunye nexabiso eliphantsi lokwenziwa ngokubanzi kwaye ke ngoko kugxilwe ngakumbi kwinkqubo.Iindleko eziphantsi ziphunyezwa ikakhulu ngokunciphisa inkqubo ye-chip ukunciphisa ububanzi bomgca, ngaloo ndlela ivumela ubungakanani obuncinci kunye neendleko eziphantsi kunye nokusebenza okufanayo.Ngeentsuku zokuqala, eyona mfuno iphambili yeetshiphusi ze-analog yayiyeyemigangatho eqhelekileyo-yenjongo yeetshiphusi, umzekelo, i-ADI iqokelele iingenelo zenkqubo ebalulekileyo ngotyalo-mali olukhawulezayo ekwakhiweni kwezityalo kwi-80s kunye ne-90s.

Iitshiphusi ze-analog ezijolise kwisicelo ziye zajongana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo kakhulu, kwaye ke ngoko zazijolise kuyilo kwaye zinexabiso eliphezulu elongezelelweyo.Kwiminyaka yamva, njengoko ubunzima beenkqubo ze-elektroniki busanda, ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso kohlobo oluthile lwecandelo kuye kwabaluleke ngakumbi, ngakumbi kwicandelo loshishino apho abathengi abaninzi babenemfuno ezingahambelaniyo ngokwesantya, ukuchaneka, ukudityaniswa, iindleko, kunye nobukhulu, obufunayo. abavelisi be-analog chip benze urhwebo-off ukuze bafezekise eyona nto iphezulu, nto leyo ibifuna abasebenzi abanamava be-R&D ukuyila.Ukwakha iilaphu zabo zokuphucula iinkqubo zabaluleka kakhulu kwaye ngenxa yoko, emva kowama-2000, inkcitho eyinkunzi ye-ADI njengepesenti yokuhamba kwemali esebenzayo yancitshiswa kakhulu kwaye uninzi lweetshiphusi zafunyanwa kusetyenziswa iziseko ze-TSMC.

Kwixesha elizayo, iitshiphusi ze-analog ezisekwe kwisicelo ziya kuqhuba i-boom kubathengisi be-fabless.Ukuvela kweziseko ezifana ne-TSMC kunye ne-SMIC yenze ukuba iinkampani zetshiphu zithintele umthwalo omkhulu wokwakha iilaphu kwaye zigxile kwizicelo ze-chip ngokwazo, ezikhokelela ekudaleni iilaphu ezininzi ezigqwesileyo (Fabless).Imveliso yoyilo lwe-IC yase-Mainland yase-China ikhule ukusuka kwi-US$5.66 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2010 ukuya kwi-24.75 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2016, izinga lokukhula ngonyaka elihlanganisiweyo lama-28%, kwaye inani leenkampani ezingenayo i-fable linyuke ukusuka kwi-569 ngo-2012 ukuya kwi-1,362 ngo-2016. Imfuno yokwanda kweetshiphusi ezisekwe kwisicelo kumashishini ahlukeneyo, iinkampani ezingenantsomi ezinoyilo olubalaseleyo kunye nobuchule bophuhliso kulindeleke ukuba bugqame.