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Iimpawu zeMveliso

Ukutshintsha kwe-analogue 

Iianalogu(okanyePETR)tshintsha, ikwabizwa ngokuba yiutshintsho lwamazwe amabini,yi ielektronikiicandelo eliziphatha ngendlela efanayo kwi-audluliselo, kodwa akanayoiindawo ezihambayo.Into yokutshintsha iqhelekile ukuba yiperiI-MOSFET iitransistor, esinye isixhobo se-N-channel, esinye isixhobo se-P-channel.Isixhobo sinokuqhuba imiqondiso ye-analog okanye yedijithali kulo naliphi na icala xa ivuliwe kwaye yahlula iitheminali ezicinyiweyo xa icinyiwe.Ukutshintsha kwe-analogue ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa njengeiisekethe ezidibeneyokwiipakethe eziqulethe iiswitshi ezininzi (ngokuqhelekileyo zimbini, ezine okanye ezisibhozo).Ezi ziquka i-4016 kunye ne-4066 ukusuka kwi-4000 series.

Igalelo lolawulo kwisixhobo linokuba luphawu olutshintshayo phakathi kombane onika amandla kunye nokungalunganga, kunye nombane othe wavula isixhobo kunye nokucinywa kwesixhobo.Ezinye iisekethe ziyilelwe ukuba zinxibelelane nge-serial port kunye nomlawuli womkhosi ukuze kusete iiswitshi zokuvula okanye zokuvala.

Isignali eguqulwayo kufuneka ihlale ngaphakathi kwimida yeendlela zokubonelela ezichanekileyo kunye nezibi ezidityaniswe kwii-terminals zomzimba ze-P-MOS kunye ne-N-MOS.Umtshintshi ngokuqhelekileyo ubonelela ngokuzihlukanisa okulungileyo phakathi kwesignali yokulawula kunye negalelo / izibonakaliso zemveliso.Azisetyenziselwa ukutshintsha kwamandla ombane aphezulu.

Iiparamitha ezibalulekileyo zokutshintsha kwe-analogue zezi:

• on-resistance: Ukuxhathisa xa ilayitiwe.Oku kuqhelekile ukusuka kwi-5ohmsukuya kumakhulu ambalwa ohm.
• off-resistance: Ukuxhathisa xa icinyiwe.Oku ngokuqhelekileyo linani le-megaohms okanye i-gigaohms.
• uluhlu lwesignali: ubuncinci kunye nobuninzi bombane ovumelekileyo ukuba umqondiso ugqithwe.Ukuba ezi zigqithisiwe, iswitshi inokutshatyalaliswa yimisinga egqithisileyo.Iindidi ezindala zokutshintsha zinako nokubabopha phezulu, oku kuthetha ukuba baqhubeka beqhuba imisinga egqithisileyo nangemva kokuba uphawu oluphosakeleyo lususiwe.
• inaliti yentlawulo.Esi siphumo sibangela ukuba utshintsho lufake encinciintlawulo yombanekwisignali xa ivula, ibangela encincispikeokanyeglitch.Isitofu sentlawulo sichazwe kwiiicoulombs.

Ukutshintsha kwe-analogue kuyafumaneka kuzo zombiniiteknoloji yomngxumaokanye ngeitekhnoloji yokunyuka komphezuluiipakethe.

Ukutshintsha kwe-analog kukutshintsha okusebenzisa iimpawu ze-JFET okanye ze-MOS ukulawula indlela yomqondiso.

Utshintsho lwe-analog lutshintsho olusebenzisaiimpawu ze-JFETokanyeUMOSukulawula indlela yomqondiso, kwaye isetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukugqiba umsebenzi wokutshintsha uqhagamshelwano lwekhonkco lomqondiso okanye uqhawulo.Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, isantya esikhawulezayo, akukho qhagamshelwano lomatshini, ubungakanani obuncinci kunye nobomi benkonzo ende, sele isetyenziswe ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokulawula ngokuzenzekelayo kunye neemveliso zedijithali zedijithali.

Isakhiwo sokutshintsha kwe-analog yenkqubo ye-CMOS yendabuko iboniswe kuMfanekiso 1. Ukuqhagamshela i-NMOS kunye ne-PMOS ngokufana kuvumela iimpawu ukuba zidlule ngokulinganayo kumacala omabini.Isango lisetyenziselwa ukulawula ukujika kunye nokucima umtshini.I-NMOS iyavula xa iVgs ivuma, kwaye icime xa iVgs ingalunganga, kwaye i-PMOS yenza ngokuchaseneyo.Ngenxa yeempawu ezahlukeneyo ze-PMOS kunye ne-NMOS, utshintsho oluqulunqwe ngabo luneempawu eziboniswe kulo mfanekiso ungezantsi.Ubungakanani besignali yangoku eqhutywa phakathi kwe-NMOS kunye ne-PMOS imiselwa ngumlinganiselo wegalelo kwi-voltage ephumayo.Ekubeni umtshintshi akanayo ingxaki yokukhetha isalathiso sokuhamba kwangoku, akukho mahluko phakathi kwegalelo kunye nemveliso.Ezi MOSFET zimbini zivuliwe okanye zicinywe phantsi kolawulo lwengqiqo yangaphakathi yokuguqula kunye nokungaguquli.Inzuzo yokutshintsha kwe-CMOS luluhlu oluguquguqukayo lukaloliwe ukuya kuloliwe, ukusebenza kwe-bidirectional, kunye nokumelana ne-on-resistance kuhlala kungatshintshi xa umbane wegalelo utshintsha.