Yentsusa eNtsha ye-IC Chip WQFN-64 DS90UB948TNKDRQ1 Izixhobo zombane zoMbane zeNdawo enye

Kutheni i-silicon ye-monocrystalline isetyenziswa njengesiseko sokuvelisa i-chip?
Umbhali: harry4112
Ikhonkco: https://www.zhihu.com/question/515054180/answer/2337519553
Umthombo: Zhihu
Ilungelo lokushicilela lelombhali.Nceda uqhagamshelane nombhali ukuze ugunyazise ukushicilelwa kwakhona kwezorhwebo, kwaye ucaphule umthombo wokuprintwa kwakhona okungeyontengiso.

Kutheni iingcingo zifuna izikhumba zeplastiki?Awukwazi ukusebenzisa ucingo olungenanto lobhedu?Ngenxa yokuba ngaphandle kwesikhumba seplastiki ezahlulayo, ucingo lunokuhambisa umbane ngokulula xa lubamba ezinye izinto yaye alukwazi ukuthumela umsinga, okanye kuthekani ukuba lomelele yaye luxhuzule omnye umntu ngumbane?Kuthekani ukuba iingcingo ezingaphezulu ezingezizo ukudityaniswa kufuneka zenziwe ngeplastiki?Akunjalo ngokupheleleyo, iingcingo zokuqala zibophe ilinen, i-oyile ye-brush tung (kwaye ngoku, i-enameled wire), kwiindawo ezithile, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iindleko, ukukwazi ukwahlula umbane, njl., okanye nokuba ufuna, ungasebenzisa i-silicon. , isilicon dioxide ukwenza wedwa, kakade, ezi zimbini brittle kakhulu izinto eqinileyo, ilungele kuphela eveliswe, zange ngokwentelekiso ucingo oluphathwayo, nto leyo ilungile nje chip ucingo lwangaphakathi lo mboniso.

Oku kungasentla kuyenzeka ngesilicon kunye nesilicon dioxide yocingo lodwa lwe chips.Ewe, enye yezona zinto zinkulu zokusetyenziswa kwee-silicon substrates kwiichips kukwahlukaniswa, ngokufanayo nokusetyenziswa kwezikhumba zeplastiki kwiingcingo, zenziwe kuphela ngasemva.Iingcingo zineecingo zobhedu ezingenanto phambi kokuba zipeyintwe ngezikhumba zeplastiki;iitshiphusi zinezikhumba zokugquma ii-silicon phambi kokuba zondlalwe (zibekwe) ngeengcingo zobhedu ezingenanto.

Kutheni i-silicon enye yekristale?Izizathu ezibini, okokuqala, kufuneka zihlambuluke kakhulu, kungenjalo okanye aziyi kufakwa ngenxa ye-conductivity yomthathi-nxaxheba kwaye ayiyi kubonelela nge-pre-material ethile kwisizukulwana esilandelayo se-junction semiconductor.Oku kuyaqondakala, akunjalo?Ufuna ukwenza isiphambuka se-PN kwindawo ethile, kodwa ke sele kukho iiathom zephosphorous ezimbalwa ezimoshakeleyo kuloo ndawo kwaye sele sisakhiwo sohlobo lwe-N, ngoko ufuna ukusitshintshela kuhlobo lwe-P?Kulula ukusuka kwi-emsulwa ukuya kwi-heterogeneous, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukusuka kwi-heterogeneous ukuya kwi-esulungekileyo, ke uqala nge-silicon ecocekileyo.Kutheni ingenakuba yisilicon yepolycrystalline?Inxulumene nesizukulwana se-PN junctions (kunokubakho ezinye iiplani, ezimelwe yi-PN) ngokunjalo.Oku kungenxa yokuba i-PN junctions zincinci kakhulu kwinkqubo yokudibanisa kunye neempawu zesekethe ezibangelwayo, ezifuna ukuthotyelwa kwe-100% kunye neemfuno zoyilo, ziqinisekiswa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba akukho ziphene ze-lattice, zingaphi "ukungcola" okuxutywe kuyo, kwaye yintoni umbane. iimpawu zifunyenwe.

Apho kukho iziphene ze-lattice, oku akunjalo.Iziphene ze-lattice kwi-polysilicon zifana nemigodi kwisiseko, kwaye zikhulu kakhulu, ngoko xa i-asphalt ibekwe, impendulo yombane ayifani nakwezinye iindawo.Iba ngu-1!Ingaba le logic yesekethe isachanekile?Ukongezwa, ngaba ezinye izinto zinokusetyenziswa?Ngaba i-polycrystalline ingasetyenziswa?Kwezinye izicelo, okanye apho ingekho buthathaka kangako (amandla awomeleleyo, ingqiqo engekho buthathaka), iyenzeka okanye iyaphandwa.Ngokomzekelo, i-silicon igxininiswe ngokugqithiseleyo kwi-ultra-high frequency, i-voltage ephantsi kakhulu, iimeko zangoku eziphezulu kakhulu, ezingafanelekanga kakhulu, ngoko ke kukho ezinye i-silicon germanium ekhethekileyo, i-gallium kunye nezinye izinto zesalathiso, kunye ne-substrate ye-reference. i-chip, i-solar panels kuba eyona nto iphambili kukubonelela ngombane onamandla, ungakhathazeki kakhulu malunga nokwahlukana kwamandla kancinane, ngokuqinisekileyo, kukho iindleko, ezininzi zazo ziyi-polycrystalline silicon.Ngokumalunga nezinye izinto, emva kwayo yonke loo nto, i-silicon ikhona yonke indawo kwaye ifuna ukuhlanjululwa kuphela.Ezinye izinto, ekunzima ukuzifumana zombini, nazo kufuneka zihlanjululwe.