Brand entsha yoqobo yesitokhwe soqobo se-IC Izixhobo zombane ze-IC Inkxaso ye-BOM Inkonzo ye-BOM TPS62130AQRGTRQ1

1.

Sakuba siyazi indlela eyakhiwe ngayo i-IC, lixesha lokuba sichaze indlela yokwenza ngayo.Ukwenza umzobo ocacileyo kunye ne-spray can of paint, kufuneka sinqumle imaski yomzobo kwaye siyibeke ephepheni.Emva koko sitshiza ipeyinti ngokulinganayo kwiphepha kwaye sisuse imaski xa ipeyinti yomile.Oku kuyaphindwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukwenza ipateni ecocekileyo nentsonkothileyo.Ndenziwe ngendlela efanayo, ngokubeka iileya ngaphezulu komnye nomnye kwinkqubo yokufihla.

Ukuveliswa kwee-ICs kunokwahlulwa kula manyathelo ama-4 alula.Nangona amanyathelo okwenziwa kwangempela anokwahluka kwaye izinto ezisetyenziswayo zinokwahluka, umgaqo jikelele uyafana.Inkqubo yahluke kancinane ekupeyintini, kuba ii-ICs zenziwa ngepeyinti emva koko zigqunywe ngesigqubuthelo, ngoxa ipeyinti iqale igqunywe ngesigqubuthelo sobuso ize ipeyintwe.Inkqubo nganye ichazwe ngezantsi.

I-Metal sputtering: Izinto zetsimbi eziza kusetyenziswa zifafazwe ngokulinganayo kwi-wafer ukwenza ifilimu encinci.

Isicelo se-Photoresist: Isixhobo se-photoresist sibekwe kuqala kwi-wafer, kwaye nge-photomask (umgaqo we-photomask uya kuchazwa ngokulandelayo), i-beam yokukhanya ibethelwe inxalenye engafunekiyo ukutshabalalisa isakhiwo sezinto ze-photoresist.Izinto ezonakalisiweyo zihlanjululwe ngeekhemikhali.

I-Etching: I-wafer ye-silicon, engakhuselwanga yi-photoresist, ifakwe nge-ion beam.

Ukususwa kwe-Photoresist: I-photoresist eseleyo iyachithwa kusetyenziswa isisombululo sokususa i-photoresist, ngaloo ndlela igqibezela inkqubo.

Isiphumo sokugqibela ziitshiphusi ezininzi ze-6IC kwi-wafer enye, ezithi zisikwe zithunyelwe kwiplanti yokupakisha ukuze zipakishwe.

2.Yintoni inkqubo ye-nanometer?

I-Samsung kunye ne-TSMC balwa nayo kwinkqubo ye-semiconductor ephuculweyo, nganye izama ukufumana isiqalo kwisiseko sokukhusela ii-odolo, kwaye iphantse yaba yimfazwe phakathi kwe-14nm kunye ne-16nm.Kwaye ziziphi iinzuzo kunye neengxaki eziya kuziswa yinkqubo encitshisiweyo?Ngezantsi siza kuchaza ngokufutshane inkqubo ye-nanometer.

Incinci kangakanani inanometer?

Ngaphambi kokuba siqale, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba i-nanometers ithetha ntoni.Ngokwezibalo, i-nanometer yi-0.000000001 yemitha, kodwa lo ngumzekelo ombi-emva kwayo yonke loo nto, sinokubona ooziro abaliqela emva kwedesimali kodwa singenangqondo yokwenyani yokuba bayintoni na.Ukuba sithelekisa oku nobukhulu bozipho lomnwe, kunokucaca ngakumbi.

Ukuba sisebenzisa irula ukulinganisa ubukhulu besikhonkwane, sinokubona ukuba ubukhulu besikhonkwane bumalunga ne-0.0001 yemitha (0.1 mm), okuthetha ukuba xa sizama ukusika icala lesikhonkwane sibe yimigca eyi-100,000, umgca ngamnye. ilingana malunga ne-nanometer e-1.

Emva kokuba siyazi ukuba i-nanometer encinci, kufuneka siqonde injongo yokunciphisa inkqubo.Injongo ephambili yokunciphisa ikristale kukufaka iikristale ezininzi kwi-chip encinci ukuze i-chip ingabi nkulu ngenxa yenkqubela phambili yezobuchwepheshe.Okokugqibela, ubungakanani obuncitshisiweyo bechip buya kwenza ukuba kube lula ukungena kwizixhobo eziphathwayo kunye nokuhlangabezana nemfuno yexesha elizayo yokubhitya.

Ukuthatha i-14nm njengomzekelo, inkqubo ibhekisa kowona bukhulu buncinci bocingo obunokuba yi-14nm kwitshiphu.